How mining economics changes Bitcoin energy estimates
Explore how mining economics can shift Bitcoin energy estimates when the active hardware fleet must be inferred rather than observed.
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Author
Murray Rudd
Dr. Murray Rudd is an applied environmental economist and policy researcher. His full attention is now on the economic, social, technical, and environmental impacts and potential of emerging technologies.
Fiscal Dominance Reshapes Inflation, Markets, and Bitcoin
Explore how fiscal dominance, debt management, and weak monetary transmission reshape inflation, inequality, and demand for scarce assets.
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Governing the Shift from Chatbots to Autonomous AI Agents
Explore how autonomous AI agents reshape cybersecurity, work, infrastructure, access, and institutional governance.
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What Could Accelerate or Constrain Recursive AI Improvement
Explore how reinforcement learning, deployment data, objective setting, and continual learning shape recursive AI improvement.
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AI Acceleration Is Shifting the Bottlenecks of Innovation
Explore how faster AI reasoning shifts constraints toward validation, infrastructure, governance, and equitable economic adjustment.
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The Liquid Exploit and the Failure of Shared-Code Security
Explore how a validation flaw exposed federated reserves and what it reveals about custody, software governance, and financial privacy.
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Technological Deflation and the Next Global Growth Cycle
Explore how converging tech platforms drive exponential growth, deflationary shocks, and the obsolescence of legacy macroeconomic models.
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Why Your Bitcoin Price Model is Probably Wrong (and How to Fix It)
Explore how a synthetic, constraint-based model tests support for competing Bitcoin price trajectories and how evidence helps distinguish them
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Bitcoin mining as infrastructure: a conditional case
Explore how a conceptual study links Bitcoin mining to grid flexibility and settlement security under specific conditions.
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Fiscal Dominance and the Risk of a Sovereign-Debt Regime Shift
Explore how fiscal dominance, private credit, bond intervention, and physical bottlenecks can reshape sovereign-debt stability.
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Bitcoin's price power law: mechanism or fit?
Explore how a 2026 study links Bitcoin price scaling to adoption and network value, and where its mechanistic claims outrun the evidence.
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A power law is not a theory of Bitcoin price
Bitcoin’s long-run price scaling is real. But supply, adoption, and market structure suggest it is better understood as an empirical regime.
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